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Decision Worksheet

There is no universal answer between new, used, and lease. Use the same facts and time period for every option, and keep estimates visible until you can replace them with written costs.

Last reviewed: July 2026. This is a general educational resource; rules and fees can vary by state, lender, dealer, and vehicle.

1. Write down your constraints

Budget

Cash available, comfortable total cost, emergency reserve, and any trade payoff.

Usage

Commute, passengers, cargo, climate, parking, accessibility, towing, and other required use.

Mileage

Recent annual driving plus expected changes during the comparison term.

Ownership horizon

How long you expect to keep or use the vehicle, expressed in months or years.

Repair tolerance

Your capacity for uncertain repair cost, downtime, maintenance, and arranging service.

Insurance

A quote for each exact vehicle and use case, including any lender or lessor requirements.

2. Compare one written-cost horizon

Choose one common comparison horizon. When using a lease's disclosed total of payments, make the comparison horizon match the lease term and calculate purchase costs over that same period. If you model a shorter or different horizon, use the contract-specific early-termination treatment when the modeled exit comes before the lease ends, and include replacement transportation when the lease ends before the common horizon, with assumptions visible.

  • Vehicle transaction: itemized out-the-door price, cash paid, trade credit, and optional products.
  • Loan: APR, amount financed, loan term, finance charge, payments made during the horizon, and estimated remaining balance.
  • Lease: for a full-term comparison, use the disclosed total of payments and payment schedule as the baseline under Regulation M. Read the federal disclosure rule. Do not add any disclosed anticipated disposition or pick-up fee, or other included charge, again; the disclosed total already includes them. Compare separately only amounts not included in total of payments or contingent on later events or choices, such as excess mileage, excess wear, early termination, or a purchase option, under matching assumptions. Do not count a refundable security deposit as a lease cost, though its cash timing still belongs in the worksheet.
  • Ongoing use: insurance, registration, taxes, fuel or energy, parking, routine maintenance, and expected consumables.
  • End position: estimated vehicle value and remaining balance, or the lease return and purchase-option assumptions.

3. Test the decision

Change one uncertain assumption at a time: annual mileage, time kept, repair estimate, insurance quote, or end value. If the choice reverses after a small change, gather better evidence before committing. Also check whether either option conflicts with a must-have usage requirement even if its estimated cost is lower.

Sources & Further Reading

Notes: Sources are provided for general education. Rules can vary by state and change over time.

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Notes: Deal rules and fee limits can vary by state. Always confirm with local DMV or consumer protection guidance.